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燕山大学-面向对象程序设计实验-实验5 派生与继承:单重派生-实验报告,
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1.理解动态联编和动态联编的概念;
2.理解掌握成员函数方式运算符重载;
3.理解掌握友元函数方式运算符重载;
4.理解掌握++、--、=运算符的重载。
7.2.1程序阅读
💎1.理解下面的程序,并在VC++6.0下运行查看结果,回答程序后面的问题。
#include "iostream"class CComplex{public:CComplex(){real = 0;imag = 0;}CComplex(int x,int y){real = x;imag = y;}int real;int imag;CComplex operator + (CComplex obj1)-----------------------------------------------①{CComplex obj2(real + obj1.real, imag + obj1.imag);return obj2;}};void main(){CComplex obj1(100,30);CComplex obj2(20, 30);CComplex obj;obj = obj1+obj2; ------------------------------------------------------------------②cout << obj.real <
问题一:①处的运算符重载,为什么该函数的返回值要设计成CComplex类型?
答:①处重载加法运算符,两个CComplex型数据相加后,仍然为CComplex型,相加不改变数据类型,故仍返回CComplex类型。
问题二:②处的运算符重载函数调用就相当于“obj=operator+(obj1,obj2);”,但是为什么CComplex类中的运算符重载函数只设计了一个参数?
答:运算符重载是一个成员函数,本身就可以获取到自身,而自身就相当于obj1,故只需要再设计一个参数给obj2即可。
💎2.理解下面的程序,并在VC++6.0下运行查看结果,回答程序后面的问题。
#include "iostream"class CComplex{public:CComplex(){real = 0.0;imag = 0.0;}CComplex(float x, float y){real = x;imag = y;}CComplex operator + (CComplex &obj1, CComplex &obj2){CComplex obj3(obj1.real + obj2.real, obj1.imag + obj2.imag);return obj3;}CComplex &operator++(CComplex &obj){obj.real += 1;obj.imag +=1;return obj;}void print(){cout<
问题一:以上程序中的三个运算符重载都有错误,试改正过来,并分析该程序的输出结果。
答:修改后代码如下
#include using namespace std;class CComplex{public:CComplex(){real = 0.0;imag = 0.0;}CComplex(float x, float y){real = x;imag = y;}CComplex operator + (CComplex &obj2){//重载加法运算符只需要额外加一个参数CComplex obj3(real + obj2.real,imag + obj2.imag);return obj3;}CComplex& operator++(){//重载++运算符括号里为空 real += 1;imag +=1;return *this;}CComplex& operator--(){//作为成员函数,放在类内real -= 1;imag -= 1;return *this;}void print(){cout<
分析:
初始状态,构造obj1=2.1+3.2i,obj2=3.6+2.5i,正常输出
运行obj3=obj1+obj2,重载+运算符,实部real和虚部imag分别相加,输出obj3=5.7+5.7i
运行++obj3,重载前置++运算符,实部real和虚部imag分别自增,输出obj3=6.7+6.7i
运行—obj3,重载前置—运算符,实部real和虚部imag分别自减,输出obj3=5.7+5.7i
运行obj4=++obj3,即先令++obj3,obj3=6.7+6.7i,随后令obj4=obj3=6.7+6.7i,正常输出obj4
1.把7.2.1中第一道题的程序改造成采取友元函数重载方式来实现“+”运算符,并采取友元函数重载方式增加前置和后置“++”以及“--”运算符重载,并设计主函数来验证重载运算符的用法。
答:
#include using namespace std;class CComplex{public:CComplex(){real = 0;imag = 0;}CComplex(int x,int y){real = x;imag = y;}int real;int imag;friend CComplex operator + (CComplex& obj1,CComplex& obj2);friend CComplex &operator++(CComplex &obj);friend CComplex &operator--(CComplex &obj);friend CComplex &operator++(CComplex &obj,int);friend CComplex &operator--(CComplex &obj,int);};CComplex operator + (CComplex& obj1,CComplex& obj2){CComplex obj3(obj1.real + obj2.real, obj1.imag + obj2.imag);return obj3;}CComplex &operator++(CComplex &obj){obj.real += 1;obj.imag += 1;return obj;}CComplex &operator--(CComplex &obj){obj.real -= 1;obj.imag -= 1;return obj;}CComplex &operator++(CComplex &obj,int){CComplex tmp=obj;obj.real += 1;obj.imag += 1;return tmp;}CComplex &operator--(CComplex &obj,int){CComplex tmp=obj;obj.real -= 1;obj.imag -= 1;return tmp;}int main(){CComplex obj1(2,3);CComplex obj2(3,2);cout<<"obj1="<
1.定义CPoint类,有两个成员变量:横坐标(x)和纵坐标(y),对CPoint类重载“++”(自增运算符)、“--”(自减运算符),实现对坐标值的改变。(每个函数均采用友元禾成员函数实现)
答:
(友元函数实现)#includeusing namespace std;class CPoint{private:double x;double y;public:CPoint(double x,double y):x(x),y(y){}void print(){cout<<"坐标为("<
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