前后端分离开发模式中，无论前后端都有可能区分不同的环境配置，开发环境（dev）、测试环境（test）、线上生产环境（prod）等，不同环境的设置，后端请求api地址等不同，那么在小程序如何设置多环境配置呢？

定义其他的环境变量 

之前搞vue的时候 可以通过 .env的方式配置开发测试和线上需要的环境变量

uniapp中只有 development 和 production 这两个条件

vu2版本通过process.env.NODE_ENV可以获取到

我如果需要其他的变量怎么办呢： 如 测试 test等

通过官网我们可以看到示例

 在根目录下的 package.json文件中 （没有的话通过 npm init -y初始化创建一个）

{"uni-app": {"scripts": {"dev": {"title": "微信小程序——开发版","env": {"ENV_TYPE": "dev","UNI_PLATFORM": "mp-weixin","VUE_APP_BASE_URL": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/"}},"test": {"title": "微信小程序——测试版","env": {"ENV_TYPE": "test","UNI_PLATFORM": "mp-weixin","VUE_APP_BASE_URL": "http://test.domain/"}},"pro": {"title": "微信小程序——正式版","env": {"ENV_TYPE": "pro","UNI_PLATFORM": "mp-weixin","VUE_APP_BASE_URL": "http://pro.domain/"}}}},"name": "xm-uni-app","version": "1.0.0","description": "{**When you're done, you can delete the content in this README and update the file with details for others getting started with your repository**}","main": "main.js","scripts": {"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"},"repository": {"type": "git","url": ""},"keywords": [],"author": "","license": "ISC"
}

保存之后，在HBuilderX中会显示在 运行/发行 菜单中

vue2版本中使用

直接通过process.env打印的时候会看不到

 直接通过process.env.变量名使用就行

console.log(process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_URL,'获取处于当前开发环境的url');
console.log(process.env.ENV_TYPE,'获取当前处于哪个开发环境');
console.log(process.env,'process.env++++++++++++');

vue3 vite版中使用

在vue3中获取不到process，所以需要一些改造

{"uni-app": {"scripts": {"dev": {"title": "微信小程序——开发版","env": {"ENV_TYPE": "dev","UNI_PLATFORM": "mp-weixin","VITE_BASE_API": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/"}},"test": {"title": "微信小程序——测试版","env": {"ENV_TYPE": "test","UNI_PLATFORM": "mp-weixin","VITE_BASE_API": "http://test.domain/"}},"pro": {"title": "微信小程序——正式版","env": {"ENV_TYPE": "pro","UNI_PLATFORM": "mp-weixin","VITE_BASE_API": "http://pro.domain/"}}}}
}

 在src/utils文件夹下创建envConfig.js

// 导出的环境请求地址
//本地环境
const dev = {ENV: "dev",VITE_BASE_API: "http://127.0.0.1:8080/dev-api",
};//正式环境
const pro = {ENV: "pro",VITE_BASE_API: "https://xxx/prod-api",
};//测试环境
const test = {ENV: "test",VITE_BASE_API: "https://xxx/test-api",
};export default {dev,test,pro,
};

 在vite.config.js添加配置

import { defineConfig } from "vite";
import uni from "@dcloudio/vite-plugin-uni";
import ENV_CONFIG from "./utils/envConfig.js";
import { resolve } from "path"; // 导入 path 模块，帮助我们解析路径export default defineConfig(() => {return {server: {port: "3002",},resolve: {alias: {"@": resolve(__dirname, "/src"),},},plugins: [uni()],define: {"process.env.config": ENV_CONFIG, //配置一'process.env': process.env, //配置二},};
});

 使用方式

let baseURL = process.env.config[process.env.UNI_SCRIPT].VITE_BASE_API; //获取处于当前开发环境的url
let evnName = process.env.config[process.env.UNI_SCRIPT].ENV; //获取当前处于哪个开发环境
console.log("baseURL:", baseURL, "++++++++++++++++++++++++");
console.log("envName:", evnName, "++++++++++++++++++++++++");
console.log("evn:", process.env, "++++++++++++++++++++++++");